Steelmaking, refining, chemicals and fertilizers are among the activities whose needs cannot all be met through direct electrification. Hydrogen can play a role as a feedstock or energy carrier, but its own production must reduce emissions and remain competitive. The issue is therefore as much about selecting a technology as integrating it into industrial facilities already in operation.
Morocco has positioned itself among the first North African countries to structure a national green hydrogen strategy. Its solar and wind development, the “Morocco Offer” and the presence of consuming industries such as OCP Group underpin this ambition. But project announcements do not yet mean investments have been decided or exportable volumes will soon be available. Costs, water, infrastructure and offtake contracts remain decisive conditions.
Research published in Nature Climate Change urges governments to direct low-carbon hydrogen toward uses where it can cut emissions at lower cost. Comparing ten high-emitting sectors around 2035, researchers identify steelmaking, refining and ammonia production as priority applications. Conversely, hydrogen in road and rail vehicles appears less competitive than direct electrification under the assumptions studied.
A study in Finland by research center VTT and the Geological Survey of Finland (GTK), together with companies active in hydrogen, examines storing the gas in cavities excavated in crystalline bedrock. This approach interests regions without salt formations, often used to create sealed underground caverns. It could broaden large-scale storage options, but does not mean commercial facilities are already ready for construction.
Amid rising hydrogen investment, Beijing is preparing rules to distribute projects better and avoid capacity without customers.
The European H2BLUE project is mobilizing €7 million to test hydrogen and its co-produced oxygen in Atlantic maritime industries.
Beijing is launching four-year pilot programs in five regions, with support conditional on results and industrial, vehicle and refueling applications.
More than 260 companies, including ACWA Power and Masdar, are calling on the EU to maintain binding renewable hydrogen targets beyond 2030.
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