{"id":5184,"date":"2023-12-05T02:23:26","date_gmt":"2023-12-05T02:23:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ornoirafrica.com\/?p=5184"},"modified":"2023-12-05T02:23:26","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T02:23:26","slug":"ten-steps-to-faster-energy-transition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ornoir.africa\/en\/ten-steps-to-faster-energy-transition\/","title":{"rendered":"Ten steps to a faster energy transition"},"content":{"rendered":"

The global energy system is at a turning point on the road to a net-zero emissions future. As the COP28 conference kicks off this week, Rystad Energy outlines the 10 critical steps needed to accelerate the transition, limit global warming and secure a clean, reliable energy future<\/span><\/p>\n

The transition from fossil fuels to clean energy sources is gathering pace, with notable progress in the adoption of clean technologies worldwide. Despite current progress, even more rapid expansion is needed, and the world's governments and business leaders will play a fundamental role in setting the pace.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nevertheless, slow infrastructure development, under-investment in new technologies and poor network optimization are limiting significant progress. International collaboration is also vital, but recent global tensions and conflicts have proved a setback in recent years. While these tensions, along with the ongoing trade dispute between China and the USA, have accelerated the transition to renewable energies, they have also fragmented global supply chains,\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0which could hinder the development of clean technologies.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\u00a0<\/span>Recent trends in energy and climate policy reflect a shift towards protectionism, with a growing emphasis on sovereign energy. This shift focuses on promoting domestic industry, reducing dependence on international trade, attracting local investment and job creation, and controlling the supply chain. To manage this transition effectively, it is essential that the global community avoids descending further down the energy pyramid due to conflicts that may arise from energy security issues,\" says Lars Nitter Havro, Senior Clean Technology Analyst at Rystad Energy.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab Nous avons identifi\u00e9 10 \u00e9tapes qui peuvent acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer consid\u00e9rablement la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondiale tout en gardant \u00e0 port\u00e9e de main les objectifs les plus ambitieux de l’Accord de Paris.\u00a0Ces mesures visent \u00e0 cibler des options de d\u00e9carbonation faciles et efficaces qui peuvent acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer le d\u00e9ploiement des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, am\u00e9liorer l’efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique, rem\u00e9dier aux d\u00e9faillances du march\u00e9 et encourager les investissements n\u00e9cessaires pour atteindre z\u00e9ro \u00e9mission nette \u00bb, affirme Jon Hansen, vice-pr\u00e9sident des syst\u00e8mes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques mondiaux chez Rystad. \u00c9nergie.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/picture>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

1. Accelerate the development of renewable energies<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

La cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement est pr\u00e9par\u00e9e et pr\u00eate \u00e0 \u00e9tendre rapidement ses d\u00e9veloppements, mais le d\u00e9ploiement doit s\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer.\u00a0Les d\u00e9lais d’autorisation doivent \u00eatre raccourcis et les obstacles au financement \u00e0 court terme tels que les taux d’int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e9lev\u00e9s doivent \u00eatre att\u00e9nu\u00e9s si l’on veut que la nouvelle capacit\u00e9 atteigne son objectif requis d’ici 2030.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

According to our latest modeling, global renewable energy capacity needs to increase from around 3.6 terawatts (TW) last year to almost 11.2 TW by 2030 to meet a global warming scenario of 1.6 degrees. Solar photovoltaics will account for around 65% of this required expansion, but further work is needed before the world can move down this path. Based on existing projects, policies and industry trends, global renewable energy capacity will only reach 8 TW by 2030, and will not reach 11.2 TW until 2034 at the earliest.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer le d\u00e9veloppement des \u00e9nergies renouvelables, permettant ainsi les r\u00e9formes en Occident, un soutien politique en Asie et une optimisation de la cha\u00eene d\u2019approvisionnement solaire mondiale sont n\u00e9cessaires.\u00a0De plus, les contrats sur diff\u00e9rence (CfD) sur les march\u00e9s \u00e0 forte p\u00e9n\u00e9tration des \u00e9nergies renouvelables peuvent att\u00e9nuer les risques financiers de cannibalisation des prix, favorisant ainsi un investissement stable dans des projets d’\u00e9nergies renouvelables.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Double the energy efficiency\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Of the 500 exajoules (EJ) of primary energy derived from fossil fuels, only 250 EJ are actually used. If solar, wind or hydro power were the main source of energy, around 440 EJ would be available to the end user.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lorsque des mol\u00e9cules sont br\u00fbl\u00e9es pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ou du mouvement, seulement 30 \u00e0 50 % de l\u2019\u00e9nergie chimique est convertie en \u00e9nergie utile.\u00a0L’\u00e9nergie restante est perdue sous forme de chaleur dans l’environnement.\u00a0En revanche, avec les sources d’\u00e9nergie renouvelables comme le solaire ou l’\u00e9olien, 70 \u00e0 90 % de l’\u00e9nergie primaire est disponible pour l’utilisateur final, m\u00eame apr\u00e8s avoir pris en compte le stockage et la distribution.\u00a0Les pompes \u00e0 chaleur utilis\u00e9es dans l’industrie et les b\u00e2timents permettent une production de chaleur beaucoup plus efficace que les radiateurs \u00e9lectriques traditionnels.\u00a0Par cons\u00e9quent, la transition des combustibles fossiles vers les \u00e9nergies renouvelables entra\u00eenerait une r\u00e9volution en mati\u00e8re d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique.<\/span><\/p>\n

In addition, improvements in the energy efficiency of buildings, appliances and machinery have increased by one percent per year over recent decades, thanks to better materials and design. However, this trend requires stricter regulations and political incentives to accelerate and reach the levels required to align with the most ambitious climate scenarios.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Significant action on methane\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Methane is responsible for 15-20% of global greenhouse gas emissions, but reducing methane emissions is often overlooked in net-zero strategies. Methane is at least 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide (CO\u00a0<\/span>2<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0) en tant que gaz \u00e0 effet de serre, c’est pourquoi des objectifs clairs, une surveillance, des sanctions en cas de non-conformit\u00e9 et des incitations au captage du m\u00e9thane sont primordiaux.<\/span><\/p>\n

L’agriculture, en particulier l’\u00e9levage, et les d\u00e9charges sont des sources importantes d’\u00e9missions de m\u00e9thane.\u00a0Soutenir les investissements dans les technologies agricoles \u00e9mergentes telles que l\u2019agriculture cellulaire et la fermentation de pr\u00e9cision peut r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les \u00e9missions provenant du b\u00e9tail.\u00a0De plus, la promotion du captage des gaz de d\u00e9charge et de la digestion ana\u00e9robie peut transformer ces \u00e9missions en \u00e9nergie ou en hydrog\u00e8ne, r\u00e9duisant ainsi les rejets de m\u00e9thane dans l\u2019atmosph\u00e8re.<\/span><\/p>\n

The oil and gas sector also makes a significant contribution to methane emissions, mainly due to leaks from production and transport infrastructures. Implementing best practices for regular and advanced leak detection, followed by timely repairs, minimizing flaring and accelerating the deployment of modern pneumatic systems, can significantly reduce emissions.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Putting a price on carbon<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

A gradual maturing of the value of carbon will send a powerful financial signal to polluters to reduce their emissions. This is particularly important in hard-to-reduce sectors, where the price of carbon directly influences the rate of adoption of clean technologies. For example, in the cement sector, the economic case for carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is strengthened by a value on carbon.<\/span><\/p>\n

Actuellement, le CCUS est co\u00fbteux, mais les progr\u00e8s du processus d\u2019absorption chimique devraient r\u00e9duire consid\u00e9rablement les co\u00fbts dans les ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir.\u00a0L’absorption chimique ouvre la voie \u00e0 l’adoption de la technologie CCUS dans le secteur du ciment, repr\u00e9sentant 32 % de la technologie annonc\u00e9e dans les projets \u00e0 venir, notamment un projet dirig\u00e9 par Heidelberg Cement, qui vise \u00e0 capturer 400\u00a0000 tonnes par an.<\/span><\/p>\n

5. Increase investment in clean technologies<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Investment in clean technologies, particularly solar and wind power, will overtake investment in oil and gas by 2025. However, it is crucial to accelerate the process, particularly in emerging countries and technologies such as green hydrogen.<\/span><\/p>\n

En 2023, 70 % des investissements bas carbone ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans huit pays, dont 50 % en Chine et 20 % r\u00e9partis dans les pays du G7.\u00a0Les 30 % restants ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s principalement dans les \u00e9conomies d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es, \u00e0 l’exception de l’Inde, qui repr\u00e9sente 2,5 % des investissements mondiaux \u00e0 faible \u00e9mission de carbone.\u00a0Il est donc essentiel de stimuler la demande pr\u00e9coce de produits \u00e0 faible \u00e9mission de carbone dans les \u00e9conomies \u00e9mergentes en investissant dans des technologies d\u2019utilisateur final matures qui peuvent stimuler la demande d\u2019\u00e9lectrification et de technologies propres.<\/span><\/p>\n

6. Optimiser l’utilisation du r\u00e9seau\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

The limitations of electricity grids often hold back renewable energy sources. It's widely believed that integrating new, variable renewables requires massive investment in grid infrastructure, but this is incorrect. Only 40-50% of grids are actively used. Increasing grid efficiency could therefore significantly reduce the amount of new capacity required.<\/span><\/p>\n

En mettant en \u0153uvre des technologies existantes et abordables telles que l’optimisation de la topologie et l’\u00e9valuation dynamique des lignes, la capacit\u00e9 de transmission peut \u00eatre augment\u00e9e de 30 \u00e0 40 % et 20 %, respectivement.\u00a0Cela am\u00e9liorerait consid\u00e9rablement la r\u00e9silience, la flexibilit\u00e9 et l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du r\u00e9seau.\u00a0<\/span>In addition, robust energy storage solutions could manage peaks in demand during heat waves and cold snaps.\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7. Adopt electrification of road transport<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

The switch to electric vehicles (EVs) is crucial to reducing our dependence on fossil fuels. Road transport alone accounts for 19% of the world's final energy demand and 15% of global CO\u00a0<\/span>2\u00a0<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0. To be on track towards a 1.6 degree warming scenario, we need to set an ambitious but achievable target of 70% electric vehicle penetration.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour faciliter une transition acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e dans le secteur, des incitations financi\u00e8res telles que la subvention de 7\u00a0500 $ par v\u00e9hicule pr\u00e9vue par la loi am\u00e9ricaine sur la r\u00e9duction de l’inflation sont cruciales, ainsi que l’expansion du r\u00e9seau de recharge.<\/span><\/p>\n

8. Reduce, reuse, recycle<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019\u00e9conomie circulaire est essentielle pour une strat\u00e9gie de d\u00e9carbonation efficace.\u00a0La r\u00e9utilisation des mat\u00e9riaux, comme la r\u00e9utilisation des batteries de v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques pour le stockage d’\u00e9nergie stationnaire, et l’augmentation significative des taux de recyclage sont essentielles.\u00a0Sans actions sp\u00e9cifiques et politiques de soutien, les opportunit\u00e9s de pratiques industrielles durables pourraient \u00eatre manqu\u00e9es.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le recyclage est particuli\u00e8rement crucial pour les secteurs difficiles \u00e0 r\u00e9duire comme la production d’acier.\u00a0La production d’acier primaire \u00e9met 2,3 tonnes de CO\u00a0<\/span>2\u00a0<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0par tonne d’acier, tandis que l’acier recycl\u00e9 ne produit que 680 kg de CO\u00a0<\/span>2\u00a0<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0per tonne, resulting in a 70% reduction in emissions. This highlights the essential role of recycled steel in environmental sustainability, and policymakers should take note.<\/span><\/p>\n

9. Eliminate inefficient fossil fuel subsidies<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Inefficient fossil fuel subsidies create a significant distortion in global energy markets. These subsidies encourage inefficient and increased use of fossil fuels, create inaccurate price signals in favor of energy efficiency, and give an unfair advantage to the transition to clean energy technologies.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although significant, the direct financial impact of these subsidies is further compounded by the environmental and health impacts. A structured, phased phase-out should be implemented to level the playing field, realign market dynamics towards sustainable energy use and facilitate a smoother transition for economies and consumers accustomed to subsidized energy prices.<\/span><\/p>\n

10. Preventing trade tensions from holding back progress<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

To effectively combat climate change, world leaders must face up to the risks of trade tensions and the trend towards relocation of supply chains. While localizing production stimulates domestic industries, it can considerably slow down the energy transition by encouraging subsidy races in key cleantech sectors such as batteries, hydrogen and solar photovoltaics. What's more, injecting funds into these sectors is not a cure-all, especially given the associated skills shortages.<\/span><\/p>\n

By Rystad Energy<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondial se trouve \u00e0 un tournant sur la voie d\u2019un avenir sans \u00e9missions nettes.\u00a0Alors que la conf\u00e9rence COP28 d\u00e9bute cette semaine, Rystad Energy d\u00e9crit les…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","page_builder":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,9],"tags":[622],"class_list":["post-5184","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyses","category-dossier-ona","tag-transition-energetique"],"yoast_head":"\nDix \u00e9tapes pour une transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique plus rapide - Or Noir Africa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le syst\u00e8me \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique mondial se trouve \u00e0 un tournant sur la voie d\u2019un avenir sans \u00e9missions nettes.\u00a0Alors que la conf\u00e9rence COP28 d\u00e9bute cette semaine, Rystad Energy d\u00e9crit les 10 \u00e9tapes critiques n\u00e9cessaires pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la transition, limiter le r\u00e9chauffement climatique et garantir un avenir \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique propre et fiable.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ornoir.africa\/en\/ten-steps-to-faster-energy-transition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dix \u00e9tapes pour une transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique plus rapide - 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